Summary:
- The Indian government plans to amend existing laws to allow private sector participation in nuclear power generation, aiming to generate 100 GW by 2047.
- A Rs 20,000 crore Nuclear Energy Mission will focus on research and development of Small Modular Reactors (SMRs), with five units set to be operational by 2033.
- The initiative is expected to boost clean energy transition, reduce carbon emissions, and enhance India’s energy security.
In a groundbreaking move to boost India’s energy sector, Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman, while presenting the Union Budget 2025-26, announced plans to open the nuclear power industry to private investments. To facilitate this, amendments will be made to the Atomic Energy Act and the Civil Liability for Nuclear Damage Act. The initiative seeks to produce 100 GW of nuclear power by 2047 as part of India’s long-term clean energy strategy.
A key aspect of this reform is the Rs 20,000 crore Nuclear Energy Mission, which will drive research and development in Small Modular Reactors (SMRs). The government plans to develop and operationalize five indigenous SMRs by 2033. India currently generates 8.1 GW of nuclear power from 24 atomic plants and aims to reach 20 GW by 2032. State-run Nuclear Power Corporation of India Limited (NPCIL) has also formed joint ventures with NTPC and Indian Oil Corporation to expand nuclear energy projects.
Prime Minister Narendra Modi hailed the decision, calling it a historic step towards increasing the role of nuclear energy in India’s growth. Former Atomic Energy Commission chairman Anil Kakodkar also praised the move, emphasizing that nuclear power is crucial for achieving India’s net-zero emissions target. He suggested that NTPC, which operates several coal-fired plants, could spearhead the SMR transition.
Union Minister Jitendra Singh highlighted that nuclear energy is a reliable, round-the-clock clean power source that will play a major role in India’s sustainable energy future. NPCIL has already sought private sector involvement in developing 220 MW Bharat Small Reactors to replace coal-fired power plants in industries like steel and cement.
Globally, over 80 SMR designs are in development, with some nearing deployment in Argentina, China, and Russia. India’s focus on SMRs aligns with international advancements and its energy security goals.
Conclusion:
The government’s decision to allow private investments in nuclear energy marks a transformative shift in India’s energy policy. By investing in SMRs and increasing nuclear power capacity, India aims to enhance energy security, support economic growth, and meet its net-zero emissions target. This strategic move positions India as a key player in the global nuclear energy landscape.
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